Based on information in the graph, what was one factor in the 1894 Pullman Strike? The wars first African American hero emerged from the attack on Pearl Harbor, when Dorie Miller, a young Navy steward on the U.S.S. Blues singer Bessie Smith, pianist Jelly Roll Morton, bandleader Louis Armstrong, composer Duke Ellington, dancer Josephine Baker and actor Paul Robeson were among the leading entertainment talents of the Harlem Renaissance, while Paul Laurence Dunbar, James Weldon Johnson, Claude McKay, Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston were some of its most eloquent writers. The next year, two of the four LAPD officers involved in the beating were retried and convicted in a federal court for violating Kings civil rights; he eventually received $3.8 million from the city in a settlement. After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work. We believe that the power of governmentin other words, of the peopleshould be expanded . As a young man, Jesse Jackson left his studies at the Chicago Theological Seminary to join Martin Luther King Jr.s Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) in its crusade for Black civil rights in the South; when King was assassinated in Memphis in April 1968, Jackson was at his side. The result was the Voting Rights Act, which Congress passed in August 1965. By 1940, peanuts had become the second cash crop in the South. The summer had barely begun, however, when three volunteersMichael Schwerner and Andrew Goodman, both white New Yorkers, and James Chaney, a Black Mississippiandisappeared on their way back from investigating the burning of an African American church by the Ku Klux Klan. (1 point) A) During the Civil War, many African Americans went west to work on railroads. On February 23, 25-year-old Ahmaud Arbery was killed while out on a run after being followed by three white men in a pickup truck. Although the culprits in the casewhite supremacists who included the countys deputy sheriffwere soon identified, the state made no arrests. My people, some of them, have run away to the hills and have no blankets, no food. Congress outlawed the import of new enslaved people in 1808, but the enslaved population in the U.S. nearly tripled over the next 50 years, and by 1860 it had reached nearly 4 million, with more than half living in the cottonproducing states of the South. An enslaved family picking cotton in the fields near Savannah, circa 1860s. I have a dream, King intoned, expressing his faith that one day white and Black people would stand together as equals, and there would be harmony between the races: I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.. Martins death set off nationwide protests like the Million Hoodie March. B.14th Amendment Meredith went on to graduate from Ole Miss in 1963, but the struggle to integrate higher education continued. Steel industry The quotation supports Morgan's practice of. The laws allowed African Americans to be arrested unfairly. On December 1, 1955, an African American woman named Rosa Parks was riding a city bus in Montgomery, Alabama when the driver told her to give up her seat to a white man. Four days after Parks arrest, an activist organization called the Montgomery Improvement Associationled by a young pastor named Martin Luther King Jr.spearheaded a boycott of the citys municipal bus company. D.sad It was left to Lyndon Johnson (not previously known for his support of civil rights) to push the Civil Rights Actthe most far-reaching act of legislation supporting racial equality in American historythrough Congress in June 1964. How did western farmers try to improve their conditions when they fell on hard times in the late 1800s? Du Bois of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), criticized Garvey and his Back to Africa movement; he was openly contemptuous of them in return. . Jacksons continued influence in the Democratic Party in the decades that followed ensured that African American issues had an important role in the partys platform. International outrage over the crime and the verdict helped fuel the civil rights movement: just three months after Emmett Tills body was found, and a month after a Mississippi grand jury refused to indict Milam and Bryant on kidnapping charges, a citywide bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama would begin the movement in earnest. To ensure a complex business ran smoothly. On the day of the Senate vote, however, Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated in Memphis. On the strength of his Rainbow/PUSH Coalition, he placed third in the primaries, propelled by a surge of Black voter participation. 130130130). C)rushed to join the Union army. Some also cite environmental issues, tax and budget matters, or political processes like voting rights and gerrymandering. Harriet Tubman: 8 Facts About the Daring Abolitionist, How the 1876 Election Effectively Ended Reconstruction, Why Harry Truman Ended Segregation in the US Military in 1948, Why Eisenhower Sent the 101st Airborne to Little Rock After Brown v. Board, Mildred and Richard: The Love Story that Changed America, How the Greensboro Four Sit-In Sparked a Movement, Follow the Freedom Riders' Journey Against Segregation, 7 Things You May Not Know About MLKs I Have a Dream Speech, Voting Rights in the United States: Timeline, How a New Deal Housing Program Enforced Segregation, 'Unbought and Unbossed': Why Shirley Chisholm Ran for President, How Jesse Jackson's Rainbow Coalition Championed Diversity. What negative impact did gold and silver mining have in the West? (1 point) A) During the Civil War, many African Americans went west to work on railroads. Preamble to the Platform of the Populist Party Tony L. Clark holding a photo of George Floyd among protestors in front of the Cup Food Store where George Floyd was killed. It allowed meat to be shipped long distances. Which economic practice helps motivate companies to keep prices low and improve product quality? With the onset of the Great Depression, as organizations like the NAACP and the National Urban League switched their focus to the economic and political problems facing Black Americans, the Harlem Renaissance drew to a close. Which innovation does the photograph illustrate? After beating the boy, they shot him to death and threw his body in the Tallahatchie River. The landmark verdict reversed the separate but equal doctrine the Court had established with Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), in which it determined that equal protection was not violated as long as reasonably equal conditions were provided to both groups. In Boynton v. Virginia (1960), the Court extended the earlier ruling to include bus terminals, restrooms and other related facilities, and CORE took action to test the enforcement of that ruling. What was the goal of the reformers who wanted to help Native Americans in the late 1800s? At the time, interracial marriage was illegal in Virginia and the newly-wed couple was guilty of breaking the law. Sharecropping is a type of farming in which families rent small plots of land from a landowner in return for a portion of their crop, to be given to the landowner at the end of each year . On the night of October 16, 1859, he led a small band of less than 50 men in a raid against the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia. B) After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work. C. Many scholars consider it as two waves, between 1916 and 1930, and from 1940 . After King allegedly resisted arrest and threatened them, four LAPD officers shot him with a TASER gun and severely beat him. When Meredith arrived at Ole Miss under the protection of federal forces including U.S. marshals, a mob of more than 2,000 people formed on the Oxford, Mississippi campus. The years immediately following the construction of the transcontinental railroad were years of astounding growth for the United States. Lincoln sought first and foremost to preserve the Union, and he knew that few people even in the Northlet alone the border slave states still loyal to Washingtonwould have supported a war against slavery in 1861. Which of the following MOST helped railroads improve their efficiency? After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work Which of the following can best be inferred from looking at this map? D)started getting paid by planters. They further agreed to give up their nomadic life, which often brought them into conflict with other tribes in the region, with settlers, and with railroad surveys. The most important early Pan-Africanists were Martin Delany and Alexander Crummel, both African Americans, and Edward Blyden, a West Indian. A. As his success and fame grew, Robinson began speaking out publicly for Black equality. In 1900, garment workers organized the International Ladies' Garment Workers Union (ILGWU). Most were denied the right to vote. Instead of waiting for Terry, the lieutenant colonel chose to wage an immediate attack. What effect did vagrancy laws have on African Americans? Why might recent events have led to many African Americans working for ranchers? 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. A federal court struck down this act, and four of the nine students returned, under police protection, after the schools were reopened in 1959. https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/black-history-milestones. About 90 participants in the Montgomery Bus Boycott, including King, were indicted under a law forbidding conspiracy to obstruct the operation of a business. c. White males who, A. What caused many boomtowns to turn into ghost towns? Throughout his long career, Jackson has inspired both admiration and criticism for his tireless efforts on behalf of the Black community and his outspoken public persona. Though the verdict was hailed as a major civil rights victoryit was the first time anyone in Mississippi had been convicted for a crime against a civil rights workerthe judge in the case gave out relatively light sentences, and none of the convicted men served more than six years behind bars. Which idea does this passage express? As chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1989 to 1993the first African American to hold that positionthe Vietnam veteran and fourstar U.S. Army general Colin Powell played an integral role in planning and executing the first Persian Gulf War under President George H.W. In what area did airplanes first prove to be of practical value? How is the poem an analogy? In the summer of 1964, civil rights organizations including the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) urged white students from the North to travel to Mississippi, where they helped register Black voters and build schools for Black children. In another history-making appointment, Condoleezza Rice, Bushs longtime foreign policy adviser and the former head of the National Security Council, succeeded Powell, becoming the first African American woman to serve as secretary of state. Ghost towns were left behind after the mines stopped producing. 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